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Williams, William Klapp

"The Communes of Lombardy from the VI. to the X. Century An Investigation of the Causes Which Led to the Development Of Municipal Unity Among the Lombard Communes."

" Vid. _Muratori_: loc. cit. p. 234.
[36:] From _Otto of Freising_, De Gest. Freder., Lib I., cap. 31, we
know that the same distribution took place in Hungary, which was
divided into seventy _comitates_; "et de omni justitia ad Fiscum
Regium duas lucri partes cedere, tertiam tantum Comiti remanere."
[37:] _Charlemagne_: Leg. Lomb. Nos. 127 and 128.
[38:] Lex No. 128.
[39:] _Muratori_: Diss. Ant. Ital. Dissert. VIII., Tom. I., P. I., p.
96.
[40:] _Muratori_: Script. Rer. Ital., Tom. II., Pars II.
[41:] In illustration of this fact I will cite the names of some of
the various taxes, dues and privileges, mention of which is found in
the old documents. The feudal character of these will be apparent to
the reader. Following the rough division indicated in the text, we
have:
I. Under heading "_Fines and Forfeitures_":
1. Forfaturae:
Forisfacturae,
Multae (Mulcte),
Freda,
_e.g_. Leudis (Leudum) for homicide.
Penalties and compositions for crime.
2. Scadentiae:
Excadentia,
Bona caduca.
_Publicum_ falls heir to various classes of individuals. Cf. Leg.
_Rhotari_, No. 158 et al.
3. Lagan (Laganum).
Seizure of shipwrecked goods by the state. Examples more
common after year 1000 A. D.


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